This gave the results of the destruction of the hippocampi by surgery (an attempt to relieve epileptic seizures). The connection of hippocampus with memory was made by a famous report. Long-term potentiation (LTP), a neural mechanism for storing memory, was first discovered to occur in the hippocampus. It has often been used as a model system for studying neurophysiology. The different neuronal cell types are neatly organized into layers in the hippocampus. People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience anterograde amnesia – the inability to form or retain new memories. In Alzheimer's disease, the hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage memory loss and disorientation are included among the early symptoms. The hippocampus is named after the seahorse because its shape is similar. It is important in spatial memory and navigation, and helps turn short-term memory into long-term memory. The hippocampus is under the cerebral cortex.
Humans and other mammals have two, one in each side of the brain.
The hippocampus is part of the mammalian brain, and belongs to the limbic system. MRI coronal view of a hippocampus shown in red
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